α‘α္ααုိα္ (Android) αုိαာαာ α
αα္αုα္း (Smart Phone) ႏွα့္ αα္αုα္း (Tablet) α‘αြα္ αα္းαα္ (Linux) αုိ α‘ေျααံαားαဲ့ α
α္αα္αα္αႈα
αα
္ αα
္αုျαα
္ေαΎαာα္းαုိ αုိαုိα္းαုα္း αုိα္ေαာα္αဲ့αူαုိα္း αားαα္αေαာေαါα္αΎααါαα္။ αုိααုိα္ αာျαα
္αုိα “α‘α္ααုိα္” αာαα္ေαးαားαααဲ၊ αုိαုိα္းαုα္းαာ αာα
αα
္ααဲ αα္αုိ αုα္ေαာα္ေααာαဲ-αုိαာαုိေαာ့ αူαုိα္း α
ိα္αα္α
ားαႈ αα္းαါးαΎααါαα္။
αိုαုိα္းαα္းα α္ αα ္αံုးαုိ αα္αဲ့α‘αါ α‘α်ားα ုα αွαေαးαုိαာ α₯ီးα ားေαး αα္αူαံုးα ြဲαΎααါαα္။ αါေααα့္ ျαα ္αα့္αာα αုိαုိα္းαα္းα α္ αα ္αံုး αွα α ြဲαα္αြα္ αုα္α‘αြα္α‘ျαα္ αွိေαးαα္ α α္αα္αα္αႈα αα ္ ေαာα္းαြα္ေαးαုိαာ α₯ီးα ားေαး ေαြးαα္αα့္αာ α‘αွα္αါ။ αုိαုိα α α္αα္αα္αႈα αα ္ ေαာα္းαα္၊ αေαာα္းαူး αိαွိႏုိα္αα္ α ာေαးαူαα္α ααုαုαα‘ေααဲα αα္ျαေαးαွာαါ။ αα္ျααဲ့ေααာαွာ α‘α္α်α္αီαာαုိ αိα်ျαα္း၊ ααုိααα္ααားαုိ αုα္းαုိα္းαုိα္αာေαါαာα ααΎαြα္αျαα္းαုိαေαΎαာα့္ α‘αΎαα္းα်α္းαွ်αာ αα္ျαေαးႏုိα္αွာαါ။ α‘αΎαα္းα်α္းαုိေαာ္ျαား α ာေαးαူ αုိα္αြα္αံုးα ြဲαူးααွ် αြα္α်ဴαာ၊ αα္αုα္းႏွα့္ αုိαုိα္းαုα္းαုိααဲ့ α‘ေαြαα‘αΎαံဳαုိαα္း αα့္αြα္း α‘ေျααံαွာαါ။
α‘α္ααုိα္ (Android) αုိαာ αာαဲ
α‘α္ααုိα္ (Android) αုိαာ αုုိαုုိα္αုုα္းα‘αြα္ αီαြα္αားαဲ့ ေαာ့α္αဲα္αα ္αုု ျαα ္αါαα္။ αီေαာ့α္αဲα္αွာ αုုိαုုိα္းαုုα္း α α္αα္αα္αႈ α αα ္၊ αΎαားαံေαါα္းα α္း ေαာ့α္αဲα္၊ α‘αံုုးα်ααဲ့ ααုုα္ (αုုိαααုုα္) αုုိααိααုုα္αုုိα αါαα္ααါαα္။ αိαိαာαα္αာααာαα္၊ αα္းαုုိ α‘αံုုးα်ααα့္ ေαာ့α္αဲα္αα္αုုိ α‘α္ααုုိα္ααα္ေαာα္း αα္းေαΎαာα္းαွာ α‘αံုုးျαဳႏုုိα္αုုိα α်ာαားααိုုααα္αα္း (αြα္α်ဴαာ αားαα္αဲ့ αာαာα αား) αဲα ေααားαားαΏαီး α‘α္α ္αီေα αုုိαေαααဲ့ ေαာ့α္αဲα္αီαေαာ့αα့္α္αα ္ (Software Development Kit) αီαုုိα αုုိαေαာα္ αိα္းαိα္းαားαဲ့ αုုိαုုိα္αုုα္းαံုုး α‘ေα်ာ့αα္ αα α₯α္းαα ္α်ဳိး ျαα ္αါαα္။ αီα‘ေα်ာ့αα္ αα α₯α္းαုုိ αုုိαုုိα္းαုုα္းေαာααံုုး ေαါαာαα‘ေααဲα α‘α္ααုုိα္αုုိα ေαααါαα္။
α‘α္ααုုိα္ (Android) αဲ့ αြα္ျαα္ααα‘αာ
α။ α‘αံုုးα် ααိα္ေαါ့α္αုုိ α‘α ိα္α‘αုုိα္းα‘αုုိα္ α‘α ားαုုိးαΏαီး ျαα္αα္ α‘αံုုးျαဳႏုုိα္ျαα္း။
α။ αါαα ္α္-αာα္αΎαြα္αုုိα ေαααဲ့ αα္αုုိαီα‘αုု α‘α ားαုုိးαα္းαုုိ ေαာα္αြα္ေαးျαα္း။
α။ αα္α္αα ္-αေαာα္α ာαုုိ α‘ေျααံαΏαီး αေαာα္α ာα်α္း ေαါα္းα α္ႏုုိα္ျαα္း။
α။ ααီး-αီ (αံုုးαα္ျαα္) αုိ α‘ေျααံ αα္ေαာα္αားေαာ္αα္း αူး-αီ (ႏွα ္αα္ျαα္) αါαါαုုိαာ α ားျαα္း။
α ။ α‘α်α္α‘αα္ (Data) α်ားαုုိ SQLite ေαα α‘ေαးα‘αႊား ααုုိααα္αုုိေαွာα္αုုံαွာ αုုိေαွာα္ႏုုိα္ျαα္း။
α။ αီαီαာ (α‘αံ၊ αီαီαုုိ၊ αုုα္αံုု) αဲ့ ေαာ္αα္ (Format) αုုိ α‘αံုုးα်ားαဲ့ (MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF) αုုိααုုိ α ံုုαα္ေα‘ာα္ αα့္ေαးαားျαα္း။
α။ α်ီα‘α္α ္α‘α္-αုုိαုုိα္းαုုα္း αα္းααာαုုိ α‘αွီျαဳαားျαα္း။
α။ ααူးαုု(Bluetooth)၊ α‘α္α်္ (EDGE) ααီး-α်ီႏွα့္αုုိα္αုုိα္α αα ္αုိααုိ αα့္αြα္းαားျαα္း။
α။ αα္ααာ၊ ေျααံုုα αα ္၊ α‘ိα္ေျαွာα္α αα ္၊ α‘αွိα္ေαးα αα ္αုုိα αါαα္ျαα္း။
αα။ α‘ိုုα္αီα‘ီး (IDE) α‘αါα‘αα္ ျαα္ααဲα α်ိα္αα္ႏုုိα္္αဲ့ α‘ေαါα္α်ားαုုိ αα္αα္αားျαα္းαုုိα ျαα ္αါαα္။
α‘α္ααုိα္ (Android) αဲ့ ααုိα္းေαΎαာα္း
α‘α္ααုိα္ (Android) αုိαာαာ αူးαဲα္αဲα α‘ျαားαိα္αα္αုααΈαီαုိαα α‘ုိαα္း-αα္းα α္-α‘αီαα္း (Open Handset Alliance) αုိα ေαααဲ့ α‘ုိα‘ိα္α်္ေα‘ (OHA) αာαα္αဲα αူးေαါα္းαုα္αα္းαα ္αုαုိ αα္ေαာα္αဲ့αΏαီး α‘α္ααုိα္ (Android) α α္αα္αα္αႈα αα ္ αြαံαΏαိဳးαုိးαα္ေα‘ာα္ α‘αα့္α‘αα့္ αုα္ေαာα္αဲ့αΎααာαါ။ αီα ုေαါα္းα‘αြဲααာ αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ ႏုိαα္αာα α -αα္α αြဲαα α္းαဲ့αာαါ။ αူးαဲα္ααဲ α₯ီးေαာα္αααα αုα္αΏαီး α‘αြဲααα္ α‘α္α‘ား αα ေαာα္αဲα αြဲαα α္းαဲ့αα္။ ေαာα္αုိαီαားႏုိα္αံαွာ αုံးα်ဳα္αား α‘ေျαα ုိα္αါαα္။ αီα‘αြဲααဲαွာ αါαα္αဲ့ αုααΈαီα်ားαေαာ့ αူးαဲα္ (Google)၊ α‘ိα္α်္αီα ီ (HTC)၊ αုိαီ (Sony)၊ αဲα္ (Dell)၊ α‘α္αα္α္ (Intel)၊ ေαာ္αုိαုိαာ (Motorola)၊ αြာα္αြα္ (Qualcomm)၊ ααၠαα္ (Texas)၊ αα္ေαာα္း (Samsung Electronics)၊ α‘α္α္α်ီ (LG Electronics)၊ αီ-αုိαုိα္း (T-Mobile)၊ α ααα့္ αα္αα္α္ (Sprint Nextel)၊ α‘α္(α္)αီαီαာ (Nvidia) ႏွα့္ αα္းေααာ (Wind River)αုိα ျαα ္αΎααါαα္။
αααα αုႏွα ္ααα္းα αူးαဲα္αေα ေαာ့α္αဲα္αုα္αα္း αုိးαα္ေαးα‘αြα္ αုိαΏαီး α‘α္ααုိα္ (Android) αုိ αူေαာα္αဲ့αာαါ။ αααα αုႏွα ္α်αွ αα္αဲα္၊ ေαာ့α္αဲα္ႏွα့္ αα္αြα္ေαး αုααΈαီေαြαုိ αိα္ေαααΏαီး αူေαါα္းαုα္ေαာα္αΎαျαα္းαါ။ α‘α္ααုိα္αဲ့ αုα္αုိေαာ့ αူးαဲα္ααဲ α‘ုိαα္းα ုိαα α္ (Open Sources) αံုα ံαဲα ေαာ့α္αဲα္αိုα္α α္αုိ α‘ααဲ့ ျαα္αျαဴးαဲ့αα္။ α‘α္ααုိα္αွာ ေαးαားαားαဲ့ α‘αံုးα်ေαာ့α္αဲα္ ေαα α‘α္α္ (Apps) ေαြ α်ားαွα်ား။ αီα‘αံုးα် ေαာ့α္αဲα္ေαြαုိ αုိαုိα္းαုα္းαွာေαာ αα္αုα္းαွာαါ α‘αံုးျαဳαုိαααα္။ αီα‘α္α္ေαြαုိ αာα္αါαီαုိα ေαααဲ့ α‘ြα္းαုိα္းα αုိးေαြαွာ α‘ααဲ့ေαာ၊ ေα ်းα်ဳိα်ဳိαဲαေαာ ေαါα္းαုα္ ααူႏုိα္αါαα္။ α‘αူးαျαα့္ αူးαဲα္αေα (Google Play) α αုိးαွာေαါ့။ α‘α္ααုိα္αဲ့ α‘α္α္ေαြ αα္ေαာα္α်ားααဲαုိαα္ αααα αုႏွα ္၊ ေα‘ာα္αုိαာααွာ α‘α်ဳိးα‘α ားေαါα္း α -αိα္းα‘αိ αီαြα္αုα္αုα္ႏုိα္αဲ့αα္။ α‘α္ααုိα္ α α္αα္αα္αႈα αα ္αံုး αုိαုိα္αုα္းေαာ αα္αုα္းαွာαါ α‘α္α္ေαြαုိ ေαါα္းαုα္ααူαဲ့αဲ့ α‘ေαα‘αြα္αာ αααα αီαα္αာα α ာαα္းα‘α αα္းေαါα္းαα ္ေαာα္း (αα-αီα်ံ) ေαာα္ αွိαα္αုိαဲ။
α‘ုိα‘ိα ္α်္ေα‘α‘αြဲααာ ေα‘α‘ုိα‘α္α ္αီαုိα α‘αုိေαာα္ ေαααုိαဲ့ α‘α္ααုိα္-α‘ုိαα္းαုိαα ္-ααုိα်α္ (Android Open Source Porject) αုိ αုα္ေαာα္αα္။ αူးαဲα္αေααဲ α₯ီးေαာα္αာαါ။ α‘α္ααုိα္ α α္αα္αα္αႈα αα ္αုိ αိα္းαိα္းαုိααα္ႏွα့္ α‘ျαဲαα္း α‘α္αိα္ (αα္ျαွα့္) ေααုိααα္ αα္αြα္αာαါ။ αုံးα ြဲαူေαြα‘αြα္ α‘ေαြαα‘αΎαံဳ αေျαးေျαး αα့္α်α္αာေα‘ာα္αုိαΏαီး α‘α္α္ေαြαုိ ααΎαာααΎαာ αားαွα္း αုိးαုိးαΏαီး ေαα္αီေαေα‘ာα္ αုα္ေαာα္ေαးαားαα္။
ေαာα္ေαာ့ αα္α်ာααိα္ α. α (Gingerbread 2.3) αားαွα္းαုိ αုα္αα္။ αီαားαွα္းαွာ α‘α္α ္α‘ုိα္αီ (SIP) αုိ α α္းαံုးαΎαα့္ျαα္αα္။ α‘α္α ္α‘ုိα္αီ-αုိαာα αုα္းαဲα αα္αြα္αဲ့α‘αါαွာ αα္αြα္ေαး ေα‘ာ္αေααာαုံးα αုိα္းေαြαုိ ααိ αိေα‘ာα္ α‘α်α္ျα αα္αြα္ေαးαα္။ αΏαီးေαာ့ α‘α္αာαα္ α‘ေαာα့္αေααα ္αα့္ αုα္းαα္αုိαααဲ့ αြိဳα္ (VoIP) α αα ္αုိαα္း α α္းαံုးαားαα္။
ေαာα္αα ္αα့္αုိးαΏαီး α်ားααα္αြα္αα္αုိα αာαα္ααဲ့ αြα္းαီαုα္ (Honeycomb) αုိ αိα္αα္ေαးαα္။ αီαြα္းαီαုα္ αားαွα္းαုိေαာ့ α်ဳိးαα္ α-αု αα္αုိα္ αုα္αုα္αα္။ αြα္းαီαုα္ α.α၊ αြα္းαီαုα္ α.α၊ αြα္းαီαုα္ α.α αုိαဲ့ αားαွα္း α-αုαါ။ αြα္းαီαုα္ α αα ္αုိ α αα္ αိα္αα္αဲ့α‘αါαွာ ေαာ္αုိαုိαာαုααΈαီα αုα္ (Xoom) αα္αုα္းαုိ αုα္αုα္αဲ့α‘α်ိα္αဲα αြားαΏαီး αုိα္αုိα္ေααα္။ αါေαΎαာα့္ αီα αα ္αုိ αုα္းαွာေαာ αα္αုα္းαွာαါ α αΏαီး α‘αံုးျαဳαΎααα္။ α‘α်ိα္αား αααα αုႏွα ္၊ ေαေαာ္αါαီααါ။ ေαာα္αံုးααΎαာ ေαα ေαာα္αဲ့α‘αါ αြα္းαီαုα္ α.α αားαွα္းαုိ α‘αα့္ျαွα့္ αα္αုα္αΏαီး၊ αူαုိα္αα်ေαာ့ αြα္းαီαုα္ α.α αားαွα္းαုိ ေαာα္αံုး α‘ေααဲα αုα္αုα္αဲ့ျαα္αα္။
α‘αုα‘αါαွာေαာ့ α‘α္ααုိα္αံုး αုိαိုα္αုα္းαဲ့ α α္αα္αα္αႈα αα ္αာ α‘ုိα္α ααα္း αα္းααα ္ (Ice Cream Sandwich) αားαွα္းαုိ ေαာα္αုိαေααါαΏαီ။ αααα αုႏွα ္၊ ေα‘ာα္αုိαာα αα-αα္ေαααွာ α‘α္ααုိα္α‘αြα္ αီαာαα္αဲα α αα္ αိα္αα္ေαးαာαါ။ αီαားαွα္းαုိ α.α (αုိးαြိဳα့္α‘ုိ) αေα α αα္αα္။ ႏုိαα္αာ αα-αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ α.α.α αုိ αα္ျαွα့္αΏαီး α‘αုα‘αါαေαာ့ α‘ုိα္α ααα္း αα္းααα ္ α.α.α αားαွα္းαုိ ေαာα္ေααΏαီ ျαα ္αα္။
α‘α္ααုိα္ (Android) αဲ့ αုိးαα္αႈ ျαα ္α α₯္α‘αα့္αα့္
-αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ ႏုိαα္αာα α -αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ α‘α္ααုိα္αီαာ (Android beta) αုိ α αα္ αိα္αα္ေαးαα္။
-αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ α α္αα္αာα αα-αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ α‘α္ααုိα္ α.α (Android 1.0) αုိ ေα ်းαြα္αွာ α αα္ေαာα္းα်αα္။ α‘ိα္α ္αီα ီ αုααΈαီαုα္ ααα္း(α္) αုိαုိα္းαုα္း (HTC Dream) αဲα α αα္α‘αံုးျαဳαΎαα့္αα္။
-αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ ေαေαာ္αါαီα α-αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ α‘α္ααုိα္ α.α (Android 1.1) αုိ αα္αုα္αα္။ αီ-αုိαုိα္း (T-mobile) αွာ αα့္αြα္း α‘αံုးျαဳαα္။
-αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ α§αΏαီα αα-αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ α‘α္ααုိα္αေα αα္αိα္ (Cupkate 1.5) (αα္းαα္ျαားαုα္α) αုိα α‘αα္ေျαာα္းαΏαီး αα္αုα္αုα္αα္။
-αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ α α္αα္αာα αα -αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ αုိαα္ α.α (Donut 1.6) (αုα္αα‘αα္αဲα) αုိ αα္αုα္αα္။
-αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ ေα‘ာα္αုိαာα αα-αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ αူα α‘α္ααုိα္αာαα္αုိ ျαα္αံုးαΏαီး α‘α္ααုိα္ α.α (Android 2.0) αုိ αα္αုα္αα္။ αူααာαα္αဲααုိေααα့္ αα ္α်ဳိαα α‘α္ααဲαား (E’clair) αုိααα္း ေαααုိαΎαေαးαα္။ ေαာα္αα္αားαွα္းαα ္αု αα္αုα္ေαးαα္။ α‘α္ααဲαား α.α (E’clair 2.1) αါ။
-αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ ေαα αα-αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ ေαာα္αα္αာαα္αα ္α်ဳိးαဲα α‘α္ααုိα္αုα္းα αα ္αုိ αα္αုα္ျαα္αα္။ αာαα္α ααုိαုိ α.α.α‘ိα ္ (Froyo 2.2.x) αါ။
-αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ αီαα္αာα α-αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ α‘α္ααုိα္α αα ္ α.α αုိ ျαွα့္αΏαီး αα္α်ာααိα္ (Gingerbreak) (αα္α်ာေαါα္αုα္α) αဲα ေαာα္αα္αားαွα္း α‘αα ္αα ္αုαုိ αα္αုα္ျαα္αα္။
-αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ ေαေαာ္αါαီα αα-αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ α‘α္ααုိα္α αα ္ α.α αုိα αα္ျαွα့္αΏαီး αြα္းαီαုα္ (Honeycomb) (α်ားααα္) αာαα္αဲα αα္αုα္ျαα္αα္။ αီα‘α်ိα္αွာ αα္αုα္း(Tablet) α αြα္αွိေααုိα αုိαုိα္းαုα္းαွာαာαααဲ αα္αုα္းαွာαါ αံုးαΎαα့္αα္။
-αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ ေα‘ာα္αုိαာα αα-αα္ေαααွာေαာ့ α‘α္ααုိα္α αα ္ α.α αုိ ေျαာα္းαုα္ျαα္αα္။ αီαα ္αါေαာ့ ေαာα္αα္ αာαα္αα ္α်ဳိးαဲα αα္αွα့္ျαα္αα္။ αီαα ္αါαα္း αုα္αα‘α်ဳိးα‘α ား αာαα္αုိαဲ ေαြးαားαα္။ αာαဲ့ - α‘ုိα္α ααα္း αα္းααα ္ (Ice Cream Sandwich) (ေααဲαုα္α αα္းαα ္) ေαါ့။ αီαာαွα္းαုိေαာ့ α.α αေα α.α.α.၊ α.α.α၊ α.α.α. α.α.α α‘αိ αားαွα္း α -αု αα္αုိα္ αုα္αုα္αα္။
-αီႏွα ္ျαα ္αဲ့αααα-αုႏွα ္α်ေαာ့ α‘α္ααုိα္α αα ္ α .α αုိ αα္αုα္αα္αုိα ေαွ်ာ္αα့္ေααΎααα္။ αα္αြα္ျαα ္αုိα α်ားαွာαါ။ αီαα ္αါ ေαြးαα့္αာαα္αုိေαာ့ α်α္αီαိα္း (Jelly Bean) (α်α္αီျαား) ျαα ္αုိαα်ားေααα္ αုိαဲ။ αα္ααွα္းαားαာα αααα-αုႏွα ္၊ ႏွα ္αဲ့ ေαးαံုαα ္αံု (α§αΏαီα) ေαာα္ αြα္αα္αဲ့။ αါေααα့္ α‘αု ေααေαာα္ αုα္ေαာ့αွာαုိေαာ့ ႏွα ္αα္ေαာα္αွ αြα္ႏုိα္αွာαါαုိα αα္αα္ααွα္းαΎαျαα္αα္။
α‘αုိးα‘αား-
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_operating_system
http://developer.android.com/guide/basics/what-is-android.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Android_version_history
